T he concept of "personal data" introduced into our lives with the Personal Data Protection Law (KVKK) covers any information related to an identified or identifiable real person. The data that falls within the scope of "any information" includes commonly thought of data like names, surnames, phone numbers, or email addresses, which we use multiple…

W e previously discussed a precedent-setting decision from the Court of Cassation in a case where we claimed that requesting membership fees from brands on consumer complaint websites constituted unfair competition. During this lawsuit, another question came to mind: Can websites like "sikayetvar.com" or "sikayetim.com" feature complaints about brands without obtaining permission from the brands?…

O ne of the most common complaints from consumers is the persistent receipt of advertising messages which is called as commercial electronic messages (CEMs) in Turkish law for advertising or informational purposes sent by companies. Although legal efforts related to CEMs began in 2015, it's challenging to say that these efforts have been entirely successful.…

A lmost all websites we visit display a notification and consent button for their cookie policy. The publication of a cookie policy on websites and the request for user consent regarding cookie usage are driven by legal obligations. Before looking at the legal basis and cookie policy, let's briefly summarize what a cookie is. …

U nder Law No. 6698 on the Protection of Personal Data, data controllers are obligated to register with the Data Controllers Registry, which was established in accordance with the same law. The details of which data controllers are subject to VERBIS registration obligations, exceptions, and registration deadlines are shaped by decisions made by the Personal…

T he age of e-commerce has not only simplified online sales and marketing but has also made it easier to access information related to registered trademarks owned by others. The internet, which offers a unique advantage in terms of brand recognition and marketing, can turn into a disadvantage when it comes to trademark counterfeiting and…

T he rapid transformation in electronic commerce has brought about practical, secure, and global solutions. Today, the largest portion of the total electronic commerce volume worldwide is made up of business-to-business (B2B) electronic commerce. This has given rise to the concept of the "New Economy," and one of the major contributions of this concept is…

A ccording to Article 35 of the Law on Lawyers, joint-stock companies with a registered capital amounting to five times or more of the minimum capital amount specified in the Turkish Commercial Code and building cooperatives with a membership of one hundred or more are obligated to employ a contractual lawyer. This provision, which is…

I t is safe to say that social media is today's most influential means of communication, thanks to its dizzying development and change. However, it is undeniable that this powerful form of communication has given rise to many rights violations due to misuse and abuse. One of the primary types of violations on social media is…

T he protection of personal data remains relevant and important, and one of the most significant obligations in this regard is the employer's obligation to protect personal data. Additionally, under Article 75 of the Labor Law, employers are obligated to keep and not disclose the information they acquire about employees. As known, one of the most…

I n the Industrial Property Law, a trademark is defined as any sign that is capable of distinguishing the goods or services of one enterprise from those of other enterprises and that can be represented graphically. As this definition implies, the most crucial aspect of a trademark is its distinctiveness. According to the Industrial Property Law…

I n today's world, many startups are built on software programs, and existing businesses are also transforming through software. Therefore, the legal protection of software  programs has become increasingly important. Under the Copyright Act, computer programs can be legally protected with copyright in Turkey. The most crucial requirement for copyright protection of software programs, which are…